Water-closet.



1.). BOYNE.

WATER CLOSET.

APPucATloN FILED 050.13.1915.

1,171 ,694, Patented Feb. l5, 1916.

JOHN IT. BOYNE, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

WATER-CLOSET.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 15, 1916.

Application filed December 13, 1915. SeraI No. 66,505v

"To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, JOHN J. BOYNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Tater-Closets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a water closet of that type in which the contents of the bowl are removed by siphonic action. In closets of this character as heretofore usually constructed the siphon was liable to become clogged by accidentally dropping into the bowl toilet articles such as tooth and hair brushes and also drinking glasses and other articles which are too large to pass through the siphon, thereby causing the bowl to overflow by repeated use and result in damage and inconvenience.

The object of this invention is to provide such water closets with an overflow which extends upwardly farther than the siphon and which during the normal condition of the closet will be inactive but in the event of the siphon becoming clogged, will become active and conduct the water from the bowl to the outlet of the closet and thus prevent flooding the same without, however, causing the contents of the bowl to be' wholly withdrawn from the latter but permit the levelof the same to rise higher than normally and thus operated as a signal that the closet is out of order and should be corrected.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a water closet embodying my. improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sect-ion in line 2 2, Fig. l. Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding part in both figures.

Although my invention is applicable to water closets which may be variously constructed so far as the details are concerned, that shown in the drawings comprises a bowl 1 having an internal flushing rim 2 and a water supply pipe 3 connected with the rear part of this rim.

Underneath the bowl is arranged the out.

let l for the closet which may be connected with the drain on soil pipe in any suitable and well known manner. mal operation of the closet the contents of the bowl-are removed therefrom through a` siphon preferably arranged on the rear part of the closet and having an ascending passage 5 which extends upwardly from the bottom or lower part of the bowl and a de- During the norscending passage G 'extending downwardly from the upper end of the ascending passage 5 to the outlet 4.

Upon admitting water into the bowl from f the supply pipe and flushing rim so as to cause the water in the bowl and ascending passage 5 to rise until it escapes into the .descending passage 6 a siphonlc action 1s v out of the outlet to the waste pipe. After .each flushing operation the water remaining in the bowl seals the lower end of the ascending passage 5 so as to prevent the es-v cape of any sewer gas from the drain pipe through the Siphon into the building, the level of the water at this time not rising above the upper ends of the ascending and descending passages of the siphon.

`It sometimes happens that the main siphon becomes clogged by -reason of children dropping tooth or hair brushes, drinking glasses or other hard substances inthe bowl so that they are drawn into the passages of the Siphon and choke the same. When this occurs in closets as heretofore constructed the subsequent addition of water upon opening` the flushing valve will eventually fill the bowl completely with water vand often iow from the top of the latter t the ioor causing damage and inconvenience. To avoid this an overflow is provided which is preferably arranged on `the front side or part of the closet and which consists of an ascending passage 7 extending upwardly from the bottom of the bowl and a descending passage 8 extending downwardly from the upper end of the ascending passage 7 to the outlet 4. The upper ends of the ascending and descending passages of the overflow are arranged higher than the upper ends of the ascendl'ng and descending passages of the" main slphon so that no water flow over the turnor highest part of the overliow while the'water is free to flow over the turn o r highest'part of the siphon'. But if Athe siphon is obstructed either completelyor to such an extent that. the water is. not carried away from thebowl by the Siphon as fast Pas it `is supplied bythe flush-.pipe then the water will riseii the bowl ,and in the ascending,

passage of-'gthe overflow `until it reaches the hlghest part of the same after which any additional water discharged into the bowl by the flush pipe will flow downwardly through the descending passage of the over-y through the same from the drain or waste pipe into the building.

It will thus be noted that so long as the siphonl is in an operative condition to carry away the contents of the bowl when the flushing water is supplied thereto, the overflow is inactive, but when the siphon fails to carry away the contentsI of the bowl then the water rises to an abnormal height in the bowl, whereby the overflow becomes active and carries away the water from the bowl to the outlet, thereby preventing flooding of the room in which the closet is installed. W'hen. this abnormal risingfof the water in the bowl `is observed this serves Ias a signal that something is wrong with the siphon so that a plumber can be called to correct the defect. The closet is not intended to be used when only the overflow is available since the primary function of the latter is that of a safety device to pre.

vent overflowing of the'closet and also as an indicator to call attention to a clogged condition of the siphon.

By arranging the auxiliary siphon on the front side of the bowl the closet can be manufactured at low cost without any unusual difficulty and without detracting from o the appearance of the same.

The turn connecting the upper ends of the ascending and descending passages of the overflow is preferably located close to the top of the bowl so that any person using the closet in the ordinary way would be liable to get wet and thus operate as a deterrent to use the closet while the same is out of repair.

The descending passage of the overflow is of larger cross section throughout its length than vthe companion .ascending pas-` sage so that this descending passage has a larger capacity than the ascending passage coperating therewith. By this means a siphonic action of the overflow is rendered impossible because the descending passage 8 will carry away the water faster than the ascending passage 7 can supply' the same, thereby preventing filling of the 1 descending passage 8 with water so that the same can .at no time operate to siphon out the contents of the bowl. The solid matter in the bowl is usually at the top of the contents while the liquids are at the bottom.

It follows from this that only the liquids,

as a rule, escape from the bowl through the overflow when the siphon is obstructed leaving the solid matter behind so that the overflow will not also become clogged@l The lower ends of the ascending passages of the siphon and overflow are on the same level so that they are both sealed simultaneously when water is supplied Ito the bowl and thereby efl'ectually prevent the entrance of sewer gas from entering the building either through the siphon or through the overflow.

I claim as my invention:

l. A water closet comprising a bowl, an o outlet belowthe bowl, a siphon having an ascending passage extending upwardly from the bowl and a descending passage extend* ing downwardly from the upper end of said ascending passage to said outlet, and an overflow having .an ascending passage extending upwardly from the bottom of saidbowl and a descending passagel eX- tending downwardly from the upper end of said last mentioned ascending passage to said outlet, the upper ends of the passages of the overflow being arranged higher than the upper endsv of the passages of said siphon, and the capacity of the descending passage of the overflow being greater than the companion ascending passage. o

2. A water closet comprising a bowl, an outlet below the bowl, a lsiphon having an ascending passage extending upwardly from the bowl 'and a descending passage extending downwardly from the upper end of said ascending passage to said outlet, and an overflow having an ascending passage extending upwardly from the bottom of said bowl and a descending passage eX- ,tending downwardly from the upper end than the upper `ends of the passages ofsaid siphon, and the capacity of the de?.

scending passage of thev overflow being greater than the companion ascending passage and the lower ends ofthe ascending passages of the siphon and overflow being on the same level.

JOHN J. BGYNE. 

